15 Results for : unfunded
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Decentralization and Development. Fiscal federalism in theory and practice (eBook, PDF)
Seminar paper from the year 2019 in the subject Economics - Finance, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, language: English, abstract: This seminar paper deals with a critical discussion of the economic insight from chapter 8: Decentralization and development of the Handbook on Fiscal Federalism. Decentralization is generally defined as the transfer of certain administrative and fiscal functions or powers of a central authority to several local authorities. The main advantage of local decentralization is that local governments are more efficient at providing certain public services compared to the higher levels of government Oates (1972). The chapter focuses on the type of decentralization in developing and transition economies, on the transfer of political decision-making power to subnational levels of government and cases where local community organizations formally participate in the implementation of funded and centrally directed projects. It's important to mention that the chapter distinguishes decentralization in the sense of decentralization of political decision-making power from administrative delegation of functions of the central government to the local one. However, the effects of a policy of decentralization may differ sustainably. Like the common case when the central government delegates responsibility for social sector expenditure to local authorities in the form of unfunded mandates, which results in a closure of the social programmes. Decentralization can be used to serve the political power of the central government to dispel some authority, when the central control might be threatened by regional interest. During the apartheid regime in South Africa, decentralization was used as an instrument of central control and racial division. But on the other hand, it also has positive effects where decentralization is the result of the recent transition from authoritarianism to democracy, as in countries such as Brazil or Indonesia.- Shop: buecher
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Peak Trump: The Undrainable Swamp and the Fantasy of MAGA , Hörbuch, Digital, ungekürzt, 1154min
New York Times best-selling author David A. Stockman is the ultimate Washington insider turned iconoclast. He sounded the alarm on US deficit spending and special interest domination of both parties in the Triumph of Politics (1986); warned in The Great Deformation (2013) about massive public and private debt and the Fed's unhinged money printing and bailouts; and exposed the imperiled American economic dream in Trumped! (2016). Now in Peak Trump: The Undrainable Swamp and the Fantasy of MAGA, he debunks Trump-O-Nomics and the perils of Washington's addiction to perpetual wars. Stockman says Trump is headed for a great big fall from the imminent crash of a 30-year financial bubble, which he condemned on the campaign trail, but foolishly embraced once in office: "The Donald is not remotely the force of nature he's been made to seem by the Trump-obsessed media. To the contrary, he's actually a political flyweight, megalomaniacal incompetent, and bile-ridden bully who stumbled into the Oval Office against all odds; and then lucked-out a second time - bragging about the last gasp of a failing business cycle expansion that had 'recession ahead' written all over its forehead". Stockman says the Great Disrupter's lasting contribution will be to discredit "Imperial Washington's self-serving bipartisan consensus in favor of permanent war, unchained entitlements, fiscal incontinence, debt-fueled consumer spending, rampant corporate financial engineering and endless bubble inflations at the Fed." Stockman warns "the twin fiscal menace of the Warfare State and Welfare State" will be Trump's undoing. After taking the $2 trillion per year of uncontrolled entitlements off the table, Trump "then added insult to injury via his unfunded $1.7 trillion tax cut and massive defense and domestic spending increases. The result was a guaranteed $20 trillion explosion of the Federal debt over the coming decade."PLE ungekürzt. Language: English. Narrator: Russell Newton. Audio sample: https://samples.audible.de/bk/acx0/155666/bk_acx0_155666_sample.mp3. Digital audiobook in aax.- Shop: Audible
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Jack Ma: The Biography of a Self-Made Billionaire and CEO of Alibaba Group , Hörbuch, Digital, ungekürzt, 52min
Jack Ma is the founder and CEO of the Alibaba Group, a privately owned Internet-based e-commerce company in China whose sales are estimated to be bigger than its American competitors eBay and Amazon.com combined. This book reveals a Jack Ma different from your imagination. How did Jack overcome his humble origins and early failures to achieve massive success with Alibaba? How did he outsmart rival entrepreneurs from China and Silicon Valley? Can Alibaba maintain its 80% market share? Jack Ma is a man who does not see failure as an option, not a final one anyway. Ma has been through more failure than success in his life, we just don't hear much about it because his success has been so big! Ma's education through failure more than traditional channels has shaped a man that is globally savvy, compassionate and fiercely passionate about entrepreneurship. He recently shared with Charlie Rose, "I failed a key primary school test two times, I failed the middle school test three times, I failed the college entrance exam two times and when I graduated, I was rejected for most jobs I applied for out of college." (Ma was one of five applicants to the police force and the only one to be rejected. Then there is the application as one of 24 applicants to be a KFC manager and also be rejected. "I applied for Harvard 10 times, got rejected 10 times and I told myself that someday I should go teach there." Even in the early success of Alibaba Ma was told by Silicon Valley venture capitalists that his business model was wholly unprofitable and he was sent back to China unfunded. In the face of all this adversity Ma did not give up, give in or blame; he just continued to try. ungekürzt. Language: English. Narrator: Matt Montanez. Audio sample: https://samples.audible.de/bk/acx0/079594/bk_acx0_079594_sample.mp3. Digital audiobook in aax.- Shop: Audible
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Economic Conservative/Social Liberal: The Toxic Atmosphere in Washington and Wall Street Greed Are Destroying Our Country , Hörbuch, Digital, ungekürzt, 148min
In 2014, America bought $508 billion more in foreign goods than foreigners bought from us. The largest single destroyer of jobs in America (nearly 30 million jobs have been exported) has been our enormous trade deficit. But why is this subject never mentioned in presidential campaigns? For the simple reason that no one knows what to do about it. Most members of Congress are lawyers with no real business experience or economic background. Originally created for the poor, social security was for those unable to support themselves in their old age - before it was forced on everyone as a savings account. Unfortunately, that money was stolen first to pay for the Vietnam War and then satisfy other "unfunded federal liabilities". Those are promises the federal government has made with no revenue to pay for them. Few people are aware that the missing money was replaced with IOUs, which Uncle Sam is now borrowing to repay. While author Mark Bragg agrees it was necessary for an environmental movement to force the government to clean the air and water, he says extremists have now taken over the federal bureaucracy and are using various federal laws to attack our food supply. Even Al Gore believes spending $7 billion a year to subsidize corn production for ethanol is senseless. He should know. He established the stupidity that allows 41 percent of our corn supply to be made into a corrosive fuel that costs more energy to make than it actually produces. Government jobs take money from private enterprises to spend on self-defeating welfare, a declining educational system, excessive military defense, and environmental extremism. Rather than generating any wealth, the government's expenditure are consuming it. Most politicians and virtually all bureaucrats don't know the difference between jobs that produce wealth and jobs that consume wealth and stop wealth production. In Economic Conservative/Social Liberal, Bragg offers a plan for fixing ungekürzt. Language: English. Narrator: Mark Bragg. Audio sample: https://samples.audible.de/bk/acx0/052578/bk_acx0_052578_sample.mp3. Digital audiobook in aax.- Shop: Audible
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Global Pension Crisis
Global Pension Crisis - Unfunded Liabilities and How We Can Fill the Gap: ab 38.99 €- Shop: ebook.de
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